Jigs and fixtures are two types of tool that serve different functions within the production process. It is, in fact, a common misconception that these names both refer to the same tool.
A jig’s primary function is to guide the cutting or machining tool, whilst a fixture is used to hold the workpiece in place. Both tools work together to ensure accuracy and precision across components of the same design. Fixtures can also speed up the efficiency of production as they cut loading and unloading times, meaning that more components are able to be machined during a shorter period, versus using other methods to secure the workpiece in place.
The material used to manufacture jigs and fixtures must be hard-wearing and robust - mild steel, cast iron, carbon steel, stainless steel and tool steel are popular choices. Occasionally, jigs and fixtures are also made from plastic. These are typically machined from solid using mills and machining centres.
